Abstract: Acute myocardial infarction is a major threat to human health. Cardiomyocytes develop irreversible death 30 minutes after myocardial infarction. Therefore, the time window of myocardial infarction treatment is very short. Many patients do not receive timely and effective treatment and, as a result, the incidence of heart failure after myocardial infarction is still high. The incidence of heart failure 1 year after myocardial infarction was about 14.2%. In patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction, the 1 year mortality rate is 45.5%. The main pathogenesis of heart failure after myocardial infarction includes cardiomyocyte death, left ventricular remodeling, cardiac dilatation and subsequent heart failure. However, the mechanism of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction has not been fully elucidated. In this review, description of major research progress is discussed in the pathogenesis of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.