Abstract: Obesity and atrial fibrillation are increasing public health problems. Studies have shown an incremental risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) with progressive increase in body mass index (BMI). Weight loss leads to favorable changes in cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea, along with improvements in obesity-related structural and electrical remodeling of the atria, which forms the substrate in the development and progression of AF. A dedicated weight management strategy may result in an essential reduction of AF burden.