Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common forms of clinical arrhythmia and radiofrequency ablation has been widely used as a means of nonpharmacological treatment for AF. However, recurrence of AF is high even after radiofrequency ablation. Early studies have shown that advanced age, overweight and obesity, course of the disease, left atrial diameter, and left atrial scar and fibrosis are predictors for recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation. Recent studies have reported that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and 4q25 allele polymorphism may be important predictors of early recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation.