Abstract: AIM:To investigate whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) gene transfection inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) gene and protein expression in RAW264.7 cells. METHODS: A replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus expression vector of human PPARδ was constructed using the AdEasy system. RAW264.7 cells were randomly divided into three groups: control group, P group (PPARδ gene transfection group) and ST group (sham transfected group). RAW264.7 cells were incubated for 24 h with ox-LDL (50 mg/L). Changes of MCP-1 and VCAM-1 at mRNA and protein levels in different groups were detected by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Conditioned media with or without PPARδ gene transfection were collected for chemotaxis assay by micropore filter using a modified Boyden chamber. RESULTS: MCP-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA as well as protein expressions from P group were significantly lower than in control group and ST group (P<0.01). Compared with control group and ST group, monocyte chemotactic activity was noticeably inhibited in P group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between control group and ST group. CONCLUSION: PPARδ gene transfection inhibits ox-LDL-induced MCP-1 and VCAM-1 expression. Activation of PPARδ may play an important role in the prevention of atherosclerosis.