Abstract: AIM:To investigate the relationship between nuclear factor-κB activation and sFas/sFasL on perpherial blood mononuclear cells in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS: Seventy-six patients with CHF and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were included in the study. Concentrations of sFas/sFasL and activity of NF-κB on peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured using ELISA assay and were compared with the echocardiographic parameters and cardiac function indexes. RESULTS: Concentrations of sFas/sFasL and NF-κB activity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in CHF patients were higher than those in control group and in CHF patients. They were negatively correlated with cardiac function indexes but positively correlated with heart remodeling indexes. The activation level of NF-κΒ was positively correlated with the concentrations of sFas/sFasL (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The concentrations of sFas/sFasL and the activity of NF-κB increase in CHF patients and can be used as markers of the development of heart remodeling and heart function failure.