Abstract: AIM:To study and compare the results of lipid peroxide injury to rabbit erythrocyte membranes and fluidity induced by gastric intralipid perfusion and high cholesterol feeding. METHODS: Forty rabbits were randomly divided into gastric intralipid perfusion group and high cholesterol feeding group. The former was subjected to gastric intralipid perfusion for 2 consecutive weeks and the latter was given high cholesterol feeding for consecutive 8 weeks. Levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), erythrocyte membrane LDL-C (MLDL-C), membrane high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (MHDL-C), membrane conjugated diene (MCD), erythrocyte malondialdehyde (RMDA), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (RSOD) and membrane fluidity (M-Flu) in both groups were, respectively, measured before and after the experiment. RESULTS: Compared with those before the experiment, the levels of TC, LDL-C, MLDL-C, MCD and RMDA significantly increased but RSOD, M-Flu and MHDL-C significantly decreased after the experiment in both groups. No significant differences in the above parameters were observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that gastric intralipid perfusion, just as high cholesterol feeding, may induce erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxide and lower its fluidity in the establishment of hyperlipidemia models.