Abstract: Training medical students with strong scientific research ability is the key to cultivating high-quality innovative students and developing universities for research-based medical universities. In order to improve the independent innovation spirit, innovative thinking and innovative ability of undergraduates, the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital (Xijing Hospital) of Air Force Medical University carried out the teaching reform of medical undergraduates. Starting from a common clinical cardiovascular disease, students independently review the related articles, present the unresolved issues of the disease, set research goals, design experiments, implement experimental procedures, and write research papers. The closely-linked steps of finding problems, asking questions and finding solutions to solve problems better cultivate students' ability to think independently and actively, and improve their quality of scientific research.