Abstract: With changes in our lifestyle, diabetes has becomes a huge threat to the health of humans. The symptoms of diabetes themselves are not severe, but the potential complications of diabetes, especially vascular complications, cause a high rate of morbidity and mortality. According to the characteristics of vessels, diabetic vascular complications are divided into macroangiopathy (coronary artery disease, peripheral arteria disease) and microangiopathy (diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and diabetic cardiomyopathy). However, there are no specific drugs for the treatment of diabetic angiopathy. Rhodioside, a widely used traditional medicine, has been administered for the treatment of atherosclerosis, diabetes, nephropathy, ischemia reperfusion injury and many other diseases. Rhodioside possesses many pharmacological effects, including lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidative stress, inhibiting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, protecting vascular endothelial cells, resisting atherosclerosis and promoting NO release. It has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diabetic vascular complications. Research on treatment of diabetic vascular complications with Rhodioside is reviewed in this investigation with hope to provide alternative choices for future research and treatment of diabetic vascular complications.