心内膜心肌活检在心脏疾病诊断与评估中的应用

Application of endomyocardial biopsy in diagnosis and evaluation of cardiac diseases

摘要: 心内膜心肌活检（endomyocardial biopsy，EMB）是一种通过侵入性手术获取患者心内膜心肌组织的方法，最初主要用于监测异体心脏移植术后排斥反应，目前已发展为明确诊断和评估心肌炎、心肌病、药物相关的心脏毒性、淀粉样变性、贮存性疾病及心脏肿瘤等多种心脏疾病的重要手段。本文就EMB的发展、临床应用及注意事项进行总结。

Abstract: Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a method of obtaining endomyocardial tissue from patients through invasive surgery, firstly used to monitor the rejection response after allogeneic heart transplantation. It has been developed into an important approach of diagnosing and evaluating a variety of cardiac diseases, including myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, drug-related cardiac toxicity, amyloidosis, storage disease and cardiac tumors. This article summarizes the development, clinical application, and issues to be noted of EMB.