Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common persistent arrhythmia in adults. With the aging of the global population, the incidence and prevalence of AF are increasing year by year. The clinical treatment of AF continues to improve and optimize, but the pathogenesis of AF is still not fully elucidated. The TASK-1 channel in the two-well potassium channel family is specifically expressed in the atrium and affects the atrium cordis action potential duration (APD). The expression of TASK-1 channel is up-regulated in AF patients, which may be a valuable therapeutic target for AF. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of TASK-1 channel in two-pore potassium channel family and atrial fibrillation.