Abstract: The moderator band is a striped muscular structure located in the cardiac chamber of the right ventricle, which extends respectively to the inferior edge of the inflow tract of the anterior septum of the right ventricle and passing through it. More and more studies have pointed out that the moderator band may be one of the origins of ventricular arrhythmias in patients without structural heart disease. Ventricular arrhythmias originated from the moderator band are often characterized by ventricular extrasystole or ventricular tachycardia. In addition, some short coupling interval ventricular premature beats that trigger polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) have also been found to originate from the moderator band, and ablation of these ventricular arrhythmias can effectively prevent the recurrence of ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, effective identification of corresponding ECG abnormalities and timely ablation may be a new target for the treatment of IVF. At present, the exact mechanism of arrhythmia caused by the moderator band is still controversial. In this paper, the epidemiology, anatomy and physiology, pathogenesis, electrocardiographic characteristics and ablation treatment of ventricular arrhythmias originated from the moderator band are reviewed in order to provide reference for the research, prevention and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias originated from the moderator band.