早期康复锻炼对老年心脏起搏器植入术后心肺功能改善及深静脉血栓预防的影响

潘梦杰; 刘芳; 张柳; 郭雅楠; 许志萍

doi:10.12125/j.chj.202108122

早期康复锻炼对老年心脏起搏器植入术后心肺功能改善及深静脉血栓预防的影响

Effect of early rehabilitation exercise on cardiopulmonary function and deep vein thrombosis after cardiac pacemaker implantation in the elderly

摘要

摘要:
目的探究早期康复锻炼对老年心脏起搏器植入术后心肺功能及深静脉血栓形成的影响。
方法选取2017年1月～2018年12月诊治的经心脏起搏器植入术106例患者作为研究对象，根据不同康复方案分为研究组（n=53）和对照组(n=53)。对照组实施常规康复护理，研究组实施早期康复锻炼护理。对比分析两组患者手术时间、下床正常活动时间、住院时间、心肺功能变化、并发症发生、生活质量以及治疗满意度。
结果研究组患者下床正常活动时间和住院时间均明显少于对照组（P<0.01）。两组患者LVEF和FEV1/FVC术后1周和术后1个月与术前相比均明显增加，且术后1个月恢复情况优于术后1周；同时研究组患者恢复情况优于对照组患者（P<0.01）。研究组深静脉血栓发生率为3.77 %，明显低于对照组，且研究组并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.01）。两组患者术后1周和1个月生活质量均明显好转，且研究组患者好转程度明显优于对照组（P<0.01）。研究组患者康复锻炼满意度明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。
结论科学合理的早期康复锻炼不仅能有效改善心脏起搏器植入术的患者心肺功能，减少住院时间和下床正常活动时间，而且帮助患者降低深静脉血栓形成等并发症的发生情况。通过个性化早期康复锻炼提高患者生活质量和治疗满意度，提高了康复效果。

Abstract:
AIM To explore the effects of early rehabilitation exercises on the heart and lung function and deep vein thrombosis after cardiac pacemaker implantation in the elderly.
METHODS A total of 106 patients undergoing cardiac pacemaker implantation who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects. According to different rehabilitation programs, the patients were divided into study group and control group, with 53 cases in each group. Routine rehabilitation nursing was implemented in control group and early rehabilitation exercise nursing was implemented in study group. Operation time, normal activity time out of bed, hospitalization time, changes in cardiopulmonary function, complications, quality of life and treatment satisfaction were analyzed and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS The activity time out of bed and hospital stay time in the study group were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.01). The LVEF and FEV1/FVC in the two groups of were significantly increased at 1 week and 1 month after the operation, and the recovery at 1 month after the operation was better than that at the 1 week after the operation. The recovery of the patients in the study group was better than that in the control group (P<0.01). The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the study group was 3.77%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group and the incidence of complications in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). The quality of life in the two groups improved significantly at 1 week and 1 month after operation and the improvement in the study group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.01). The rehabilitation exercise satisfaction in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION Scientific and reasonable early rehabilitation exercise not only effectively improves the cardiopulmonary function of patients undergoing cardiac pacemaker implantation, shortens the hospital stay time and the activity time out of bed, but also reduces the occurrence of complications such as deep vein thrombosis. Personalized early rehabilitation exercises improves the quality of life and treatment satisfaction of patients, thereby improving the rehabilitation effect and is worthy of clinical promotion.

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