Abstract: Massive studies have demonstrated that branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) play a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases including coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and hypertension. The circulating level of BCAAs is closely related to diet, gut microbiota, illness and inheritance. From the perspective of causality, gut microbial dysbiosis promotes the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, and some intestinal microorganisms participate in the biosynthesis of BCAAs, directly affecting the host peripheral BCAAs level. In past few years, it is becoming a research hotspot for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases via intervening BCAA catabolism from the perspective of both host and gut microbiota. In this paper, the relationship between BCAAs and cardiovascular disease and the intervention methods of gut microbiota-BCAAs metabolic pathway were reviewed.