Abstract: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a rare yet urgent complication. In this article, survival rate, mortality rate and long-term outcomes were compared by clinical manifestations, echocardiography, angiography of coronary artery and left ventriculography as well as various treatment methods such as medication, machinery auxiliary circulation, surgery and percutaneous intervention. The hemodynamic status of patients is an important basis to determine the timing and method of treatment. Emergency surgery can save the lives of some patients. The stabilization condition of patients under medication and auxiliary circulation can delay the time of VSR closure. In addition, the mortality rate, success rate and long-term prognosis are better than those of early surgical VSR treatment. Early revascularization after AMI is of great significance, which can reduce the incidence of VSR, improve cardiac functions and reduce mortality.