Abstract: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a ubiquitous regulatory protein in human body. Numerous studies have confirmed that APOE is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, and may act through mechanisms such as lipid metabolism regulation, inflammatory signal pathway activation, and anti-oxidative stress, especially in coronary atherosclerotic diseases. However, different APOE gene phenotypes have different effects in cardiovascular disease, and even conflicting results, and their effects are also different among people of different races, ethnicities, regions and living habits. This article systematically explained APOE and its gene phenotype characteristics, and focused on the special role of APOE gene polymorphism in different cardiovascular diseases, especially for exploring the impact of APOE gene polymorphism on Chinese cardiovascular diseases. basis.