Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a kind of chronic inflammatory vascular disease, which is characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the intima of arteries, which can eventually causes lumen stenosis or occlusion. Smoking plays an important role in this process and is the most important risk factor for atherosclerosis. The electronic cigarette is a kind of electronic product which imitates the traditional cigarettes. Similar to traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes are responsible for the development of atherosclerosis. This article mainly discusses the relationship between electronic cigarettes and atherosclerosis.