细胞外囊泡在心血管疾病诊断、预后和药物治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of extracellular vesicles in diagnosis, prognosis and epidemiology of cardiovascular disease

摘要: 细胞外囊泡（Extracellular vesicles, EVs）是细胞主动分泌的囊泡状小体，其中含有核酸、蛋白质等生物活性分子，参与介导细胞间通信。EVs广泛存在于多种体液中，并参与调节体内各种生理和病理反应过程。随着EVs在心血管疾病中的作用和功能逐渐被揭示，EVs能否作为心血管疾病的生物标志物、治疗靶点或载药工具亟需回答。为深入理解EVs在心血管疾病中的作用，本文将从EVs在心血管疾病诊断、预后判断以及药物治疗等方面介绍其生物学作用和功能，有望为EVs的临床转化提供理论依据。

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicular corpuscles released by cells, which consist of nucleic acids, proteins and other bioactive molecules. EVs are involved in cell-cell communication. There are affluent EVs in most body fluids, which participate in regulating multiple physiological and pathological responses. Considering that the role of EVs in cardiovascular disease is gradually revealed, whether EVs can be used as biomarkers, therapeutic targets or drug-loading tools for cardiovascular disease needs to be answered. For a deeper understanding of the role of EVs in cardiovascular diseases, the biological characteristics and functions of EVs in the diagnosis, prognosis and drug therapy of cardiovascular diseases are reviewed in the paper, hopefully providing a basis for further clinical translation of EVs.