Abstract: AIM To compare the different levels of radial artery(RA), internal mammary artery(IMA) and great saphenous vein(GSV) mRNA expression and to explore the relationship between expression of RhoA/ROK and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS Matched segments of radial artery, internal mammary artery and saphenous vein that would otherwise be discarded were obtained from patients(n=14) undergoing CABG. mRNAs of RhoA, ROK and eNOS was detected by PCR. The relationship between RhoA/ROK and cardiovascular risk factors was analyzed. RESULTS ①RT-PCR results: no significant difference was observed between the level of RhoA, ROK mRNA expression in IMA and that in GSV. But the levels of RhoA/ROK mRNA expression in RA were higher than those in IMA. ②The mRNA expression of RhoA, ROK in SGV was positively correlated with serum glycosylated hemoglobin(r＝0.642, r=0.692, P<0.05). In GSV, RA and IMA, no significant correlations were found between the levels of RhoA, ROK mRNA expression and age, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, apoA1, apoB, CRP, insulin, insulin resistance, and body mass index. CONCLUSION ①The levels of RhoA, ROK mRNA expression in RA, IMA and GSV are significantly different and the levels in RA are higher than those in IMA. ②The higher level of RhoA/ROK mRNA expression in GSV is positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin.