Abstract: AIM: To observe the changes of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) treated by transcatherter closure and to identify the correlation between changes of endocrine secretion and ventricular remodeling after transcatheter closure. METHODS: Sixteen patients with PDA underwent transcatheter closure using occluder. Plasma concentrations of ANP and BNP were measured before and after closure at 10 min, 2 days and 3 months, respectively. LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF and LVFS were measured echocardiographically before and after transcatheter closure at 2 days and 3 months, respectively. RESULTS: Plasma concentration of ANP and BNP of all patients before transcatheter closure was significantly higher than normal (P<0.01). Ten minutes and 2 days after transcatheter closure, plasma concentration of ANP and BNP was higher than before transcatheter closure and of the normal value (P<0.01). Before transcatheter closure, LAD LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF and LVFS were significant higher than normal (P<0.01). Two days after transcatheter closure, LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF and LVFS resulted lower than before transcatheter closure. Changes of ANP and BNP after closure of PDA were negatively correlated with LVEDD and LVEF. ANP and BNP, as well as LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF and LVFS, returned to normal 3 months after transcatheter closure. CONCLUSION: Plasma concentration of ANP and BNP increases significantly following transcatheter closure of PDA but returns to normal in 3 months. Changes of plasma concentration of ANP/BNP are negatively correlated with changes of LVEDD and LVEF after transcatheter closure.