Abstract: AIM:To investigate the endothelial cellspecific molecule1 (ESM1) after incubation with pretreatment on mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). We studied the biological characteristic influence in order to provide an experimental basis for stem cell transplantation. METHODS: For cultivation and identification of BMMSCs, extraction of cell number and concentration of fixed primary cultured BMMSCs were divided into two groups: control group (no pretreatment) and three concentrations (005 μg/ml, 01 μg/ml, 015 μg/ml) of ESM1 pretreatment group. Each group has four complex holes. Each hole was preconditioned for 60 min. Every hole was collected in the conditioned medium, and effect of pretreatment on BMMSCs on secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was shown. RESULTS: After incubation of ESM1 preconditioned BMMSCs, the survival rate increased significantly, whereas apoptosis rate decreased significantly and proliferation of BMMSCs with increasing concentrations of ESM1 pretreatment increased, but the apoptosis rate showed the opposite decreasing trend. ESM1 after pretreatment showed BMMSCs secreted VEGF, ALP levels increased, and with increasing the concentration of ESM1, BMMSCs secreted VEGF. ALP levels also increased accordingly. Incubation of ESM1 preconditioned BMMSCs, cell morphology, and growth and differentiation is accelerated. CONCLUSION: ESM1 incubated with preconditioned BMMSCs promote the proliferation of BMMSCs and reduce apoptosis and can increase VEGF and ALP secretion. ESM1 through the activation of BMMSCs improves the cell potential itself and then improves survival and proliferation. The prospect exists for clinical treatment of acute myocardial infarction with wide application.