Abstract: Many diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, are accompanied by the dysfunction of autonomic nervous system. Deceleration capacity of heart rate (DC) and heart rate deceleration runs (DRs) are new indexes to evaluate the function of autonomic nerve. This paper reviews the progress of deceleration capacity of heart rate and heart rate deceleration runs in clinical application in recent years, and provides a new perspective and application prospect for the diagnosis of autonomic nervous function.