Abstract: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, biliary tract malignant tumor and other digestive system diseases. In recent years, with the deepening of research, people have gradually realized that Hp infection can also cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and other gastrointestinal diseases. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a slow clinical disease and the core of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Hp infection and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by AS have become a global health problem. Recent studies have shown that Hp infection can promote the occurrence and development of AS. This article aims to elaborate the latest research progress of Hp infection and AS, and provide reference for their clinical prevention and treatment.