Abstract: Spurious systolic hypertension is more common in young adults, especially in active, tall, non-smoking young males. However, the diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of this condition remain controversial. Recently studies have showed that spurious systolic hypertension is a heterogeneous state with extreme amplification of pulse pressure. Although spurious systolic hypertension seems to be a benign disease in the young adults, there are few studies on its relationship with adverse outcomes and there is a lack of research on spurious systolic hypertension in China. Long-term follow-ups are needed to study the clinical significance of spurious systolic hypertension in the future. This article reviews its diagnosis, pulse pressure amplification phenomenon and treatment.