Abstract: The inflammasome is an essential component of the innate immune system, participating in various pathophysiological processes. Both endogenous and exogenous factors of injury can stimulate the innate immune response of the cardiovascular system, leading to a significant inflammatory reaction and resulting in tissue damage within the cardiovascular system. This process is involved in aging, aerospace and metabolic disorder-induced cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the inflammasome serves as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of various cardiovascular diseases. Among the inflammasomes, NLRP3 is most extensively studied, and research indicates its potential as a target for multiple diseases. This paper focuses on reviewing how NLRP3 inflammasomes are involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases and the role of small molecule compounds targeting NLRP3 in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. These progresses provide new insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and offer new targets and measures for their prevention and treatment. compounds targeting NLRP3 in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. These progresses provide new insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and offer new targets and measures for their prevention and treatment.