Abstract: In this paper, from the perspective of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, related literatures on the clinical and/or basic research of postoperative restenosis (ISR) after coronary intervention were summarized, and the pathological mechanism of ISR was briefly described. Modern medical understanding of the mechanism of ISR in coronary heart disease focuses on neonatal atherosclerosis (ISNA), neonatal intimal proliferation (NIH), inflammation, etc. The three links interact with each other and jointly promote the occurrence of post-stent restenosis. The pathological mechanism of TCM monomer compound in the prevention and treatment of ISR mainly focuses on reducing and controlling the inflammation after PCI and promoting the occurrence of vascular endothelialization. The above conclusions are expected to provide new ideas and research directions for the prevention and treatment of ISR.