Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury by regulating mitochondrial structure and function. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs modulate various biological processes, including mitochondrial apoptosis, fission and fusion, autophagy, and energy metabolism. This review summarizes the current research progress on lncRNA-mediated regulation of MI/R injury and highlights their potentials as therapeutic targets.