Abstract: Caveolae are mainly composed of caveolins and cavins. Caveolae are involved in many cellular functions including mechanosensing, signaling, endocytosis, lipid storage and trafficking, cell metabolism and membrane homeostasis. Caveolae-mediated endocytosis plays an important role in many pathophysiological processes and is associated with a variety of diseases. In this review, the composition of caveolae, caveolae-mediated endocytosis and caveolae-related cardiovascular diseases will be introduced.