Abstract: miRNAs are endogenous 21~23-nucleotide (nt) noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression via degradation and translational inhibition of their target mRNAs. Recent studies have shown the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The non-renewable nature of mature cardiomyocytes determines that inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important breakthrough in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Based on the biological characteristics of miRNA, the role of miRNA in the molecular network of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI was elucidated in this paper, which may offer a new target for therapeutic intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction.