Effects of ECMO combined with IABP on cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and peak creatine kinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock

AIM To analyze the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and peak creatine kinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock.

METHODS A total of 126 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock who visited our hospital from July 2020 to November 2023 were randomly separated into an IABP group (n=63) and a combination group (n=63). The IABP group received IABP treatment, while the combination group received a combination of IABP and ECMO treatment. After stable physical signs, both groups underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for revascularization. Before and after treatment, myocardial function left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular systolic function (LVSF), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hemodynamics heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), myocardial enzymes cardiac troponin (cTnT), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected in both groups, and the number of patients with concurrent complications, the survival rate and the duration of shock were counted.

RESULTS After treatment, LVEDD, LVESD, HR, CVP, cTnT, CK-MB, TNF-α, IL-6 and hs-CRP in the combination group were greatly lower than those in the IABP group, while LVSF, LVEF and MAP were greatly higher than those in the IABP group (both P<0.01). There was no great difference in the proportion of complications between the two groups during treatment. However, the survival rate in the combination group was greatly higher than that in the IABP group (P<0.05), and the duration of shock was greatly lower than that in the IABP group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION ECMO combined with IABP effectively enhances the cardiorespiratory function, reduces inflammatory response and stabilizes vital signs in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock.