Progress in low-voltage areas to guide catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

Most studies define the cutoff value for left atrial low voltage areas (LVA) as a bipolar voltage ≤0.5 mV measured during sinus rhythm. Current research has found that LVA mainly reflects the degree and distribution of atrial fibrosis and LVA may be related with the spatial distribution of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) and rotors. Ablation of LVA combined with traditional pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may better reduce the long term recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation compared with pulmonary vein isolation alone. This article reviews the progress in LVA to guide atrial fibrillation ablation.