AIM To conduct a cross-sectional study on prehypertension and anxiety/depression of patients in Outpatient Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and to analyze the risk factors of prehypertension from the aspects of social economy, biology and psychology.
METHODS Patients≥ 18 years old who were treated in the Outpatient Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Tangdu Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were randomly selected and they were divided into normal blood pressure group, pre-hypertension group and hypertension group. The characteristics of the subjects were recorded by questionnaire and the risk factors of prehypertension were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS The detection rate of pre hypertension was 43.3% (male 46.9%, female 38.7%). Compared with the normal blood pressure group, the age of prehypertension group (group A) and hypertension group (group B) increased (all P<0.01), the proportion of men increased (all P<0.01), the heart rate increased (all P<0.01), the proportion of low BMI and normal body weight decreased (all P<0.01), and the proportion of overweight and obesity increased (all P<0.01). Primary school education/college education or higher education level is lower (group A P<0.05, group B P<0.01), junior high school/secondary school/vocational high proportion (B group P<0.01), primary school and below ratio is higher (B group P<0.01), diabetes ratio is high (B group P<0.01), smoking ratio is high (all P<0.01), exercise rate is lower than 3 times a week (all P<0.01), and no exercise proportion is high (P <0.01). The proportion of poor sleep quality was high (all P<0.01), the proportion of family income above 10000 yuan was low (group A P<0.05, group B P<0.01), the proportion of family income (5000～10000) yuan was low (group B P<0.01), the proportion of family income below 1000 yuan was high (group B P<0.01), the proportion of snoring was high (group B P<0.01), the proportion of light diet was low (group A P<0.05, group B P<0.01), the proportion of oil and salt was high (group A P<0.05, group B P<0.01) The proportion of eating meat and meat was low (group B P<0.05), and the proportion of mild anxiety/depression was high (group A P<0.05). Compared with the prehypertension group, the age of hypertension group increased (P<0.01), heart rate increased (P<0.01), BMI body weight ratio decreased (P<0.01), education level decreased in proportion of college/University and above, proportion of junior high school/secondary school/vocational high school decreased, primary school and below increased (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01), proportion of diabetes increased (P<0.01), exercise situation 3 times a week, and proportion decreased. The proportion of non exercise increased (all P<0.01), the proportion of family income above 10000 yuan decreased, (5000～10000) yuan decreased, the proportion of less than 1000 yuan increased (all P<0.01), the proportion of snoring was high (P<0.01), the proportion of light food was low (P<0.05), the proportion of oil and salt was high (P<0.01), and the proportion of mild anxiety/depression increased. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, heart rate, overweight, obesity, education, smoking, exercise, sleep quality and anxiety/depression were the influencing factors of pre hypertension. The analysis showed that overweight and depression were independent risk factors. Conclusion the detection rate of pre hypertension is high, and overweight, obesity, anxiety or depression are important risk factors.
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