Abstract: AIM: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and Uygur patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Xinjiang. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty patients with CHD and 256 healthy control subjects were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Plasma lipid and glucose levels were also measured in all subjects. RESULTS: Genotype distribution of the control group and CHD group was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2=3.45, 3.48, P<0.05). Frequencies of CC, GC and GG were 0.146, 0.346 and 0.508 in CHD group and 0.051, 0.387 and 0.563 in controls, respectively. There was a significant difference in frequencies of CC genotype and C allele but no difference in frequencies of GC and GG genotypes between controls and CHD cases. CONCLUSION: CC genotype and C allele of SREBP-1c may be a risk factor for CHD and has some significant influence on serum lipid and glucose levels in a Uygur nationality population in Xinjiang.