Abstract: Athletes heart is related to the bodys compensatory changes arising from exercise training and different types of sports will influence heart remodeling in different ways. Endurance exercise may lead to left ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement of cavity, whereas resistance exercise can only contribute to hypertrophy. This paper reviews the physiological mechanisms of exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrophy with the aim of providing some new perspectives into the research of athlete's heart.