Abstract: With the extensive development of coronary angiography, how to effectively reduce the incidence of contrast induced acute kidney injury has been the focus of cardiovascular research. However, the pathogenesis of contrast induced acute kidney injury is complex and not clear yet. Previous studies have shown that renal hemodynamic changes, toxicity of the contrast to renal tubular cells and endothelial cells, and the oxidative stress caused by many factors are involved. This article will review the current research status of the pathogenesis of contrast induced acute kidney injury.